MacLin Cognitive

Sunday, December 31, 2006

lingo to words

Lingo2word

Translate text messages from Lingo to plain English, or from plain English to lingo .
Make your emails and text messages more exciting .
Just type in your text in the left hand box and click go. Don't forget to select the type of translation,
Plain English to lingo will find a shorter version,
Lingo to plain English will find the longer version

Friday, December 29, 2006

Paivio et al. Word List Generator

Paivio et al. Word List Generator

The Paivio, Yuille & Madigan Word Pool contains 925 nouns scaled for word frequency in printed text (the Kucera-Francis word counts), rated Imagery, Concreteness, and Meaninfulness and are widely used in memory research to control the effects of these variables. This form allows you to select a randomly sampled set of words, with specified characteristics.

Memory and Cognition Demonstrations and Tutorials

Memory and Cognition Demonstrations and Tutorials

These are demonstrations that I completed during the Fall of 2005. They cover various phenomena in memory and cognition. Please feel free to download the demostrations for your classroom use. If you have any problems with these demonstrations, please contact me. I STRONGLY recommend that you try a demonstration several times before you use it in your teaching.
Please provide me with feedback regarding these demonstrations. If something does not work, I want to fix it. If the demonstrations work well, I need to provide evidence of their use. So, please contact me.

Cognitive Science Society

Cognitive Science Society

The Cognitive Science Society, Inc. brings together researchers from many fields who hold a common goal: understanding the nature of the human mind. The Society promotes scientific interchange among researchers in disciplines comprising the field of Cognitive Science, including Artificial Intelligence, Linguistics, Anthropology, Psychology, Neuroscience, Philosophy, and Education.

Saturday, December 23, 2006

Interactive Activation and Competition

Interactive Activation and Competition
www.cse.unsw.edu.au/.../ml/pdp/iac-2005.html

Aim:
Interactive activation and competition nets are a class of neural network different from backpropagation networks. They tend to model choice and clustering phenomena in biological neural networks
Reference: Chapter 2 of McClelland, JL and Rumelhart, DE, Explorations in Parallel Distributed Processing, MIT Press, 1989.
Plan:
network architecture
update rule
network dynamics
how competition works
Jets and Sharks dataset
retrieval from partial descriptions
graceful degradation
generalization

Amnesia Power point

http://faculty.rmwc.edu/ggotthard/Sigma%20Xi.ppt
[PPT] AmnesiaFile Format: Microsoft Powerpoint - View as HTML
Lynch and Yarnell (1973). Football players; Questioned players immediately and at delays; Experimental Group; Control Group. Results ...
faculty.rmwc.edu/ggotthard/Sigma%20Xi.ppt - Similar pages

Amnesia Site

http://brainmind.com/Amnesia.html
ANTEROGRADE & RETROGRADE AMNESIA
Amensic conditions are most frequently encountered by physicians and therapists following an injury to the brain, such as due to head trauma, stroke, neoplasm, or encephalitic condition (Hodges & Warlow, 1990; Lynch & Yarnell, 1973; Miller, 1993; Russell, 1971; Yarnell & Lynch, 1970, 1973). Following a signficant head injury or stroke there may be a period of amnesia for events which occured just before and just after the time of injury (Hodges & Warlow, 1990; Russell, 1971), even if consciousness is not lost (Yarnell & Lynch, 1970, 1973).

Wednesday, December 20, 2006

Journal of problem solving

http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/jps/

JPS is a multidisciplinary journal that publishes empirical and theoretical papers on mental mechanisms involved in solving problems, which include (but are not limited to) optimization problems such as the Traveling Salesman Problem, mathematics and physics problems, theorem proving, games and puzzles, knowledge discovery problems, insight problems and a range of problems in applied settings. The emphasis is put on those aspects of solving problems which set human beings apart from existing artificial systems. Authors are strongly encouraged to use reliable experimental methodology with such dependent variables as solution time, proportion and magnitude of errors. Neuroimaging or other neuroscience data pertinent to human problem-solving performance are also appropriate for the journal. Where computational models of the underlying mechanisms are proposed, they should be expressed in the form of algorithms and tested in simulations. The models are expected to be available to the readers either as a pseudo-code in the published paper or (preferably) by making the source code and the executable version available for downloading. Authors of purely empirical studies are encouraged to focus on providing new evidence about human abilities in solving computationally difficult problems: this may include applied situations. Authors of purely theoretical/computational studies are encouraged to focus on those human abilities that have not yet been replicated on a computer.
JPS encourages submissions from psychology, computer science, mathematics, operations research and neuroscience. Please Click Here for author submission instructions.
Current IssueVolume 1, Issue 1

Tuesday, December 19, 2006

Very Long term memory - NPR

Research News
Woman's Long-Term Memory Astonishes Scientists
by Michelle Trudeau

Part Two
April 20, 2006Unique Memory Allows Woman to Replay Life Like a Movie


Morning Edition, April 19, 2006 · Neurobiologist James McGaugh is one of the world's leading experts on how human memory works. In the current issue of the journal Neurocase, McGaugh reports on a woman with the astonishing ability to clearly remember events that happened to her decades ago.

Related NPR Stories
March 15, 2006Scientists Find Protein That Causes Memory Loss
March 14, 2006U.S. Memory Champion Relates Competitive Secrets
Feb. 24, 2006'Unknown White Male' Shows the Making of Memory
Jan. 14, 2006Time, Memory and Proust
Dec. 30, 2005Exploring the Relationship Between Music and Memory
July 29, 2005Learning, Memory and the Brain

Forgetting - Theories

http://www.mtsu.edu/~sschmidt/Cognitive/forgetting/forgetting.html


Introduction
Decay Theory
Consolidation Theory
Interference Theory
Retrieval Failure
Repression
Conclusions

memory palace

http://www.ludism.org/mentat/MemoryPalace


A MemoryPalace is a use of an imaginary journey through a sequence of places, or loci, each of which acts as a memory peg (PegSystem). Memory palaces are also known as the RomanRoom method, the LociSystem, the Ars Memorativa or Art of Memory, Journeys, and by many other names.

E-Prime Research Scripts

From - http://step.psy.cmu.edu/scripts/

These are sample scripts, replicating classic, unique, or interesting studies in experimental psychology. They are intended both to demonstrate the results of the studies and to show what E-Prime can do as an experiment generation framework. They are free to download, though we ask that you credit this project if you use them in a public context. Scans of articles are only to be viewed on the browser in the context of fair use and not distributed. Thanks to Yanping Dong and her students at Guangzhou Foreign Studies University for reentering and rechecking the text of 20 of the classic studies.
We also have some scripts that were submitted to us but not credited to particular authors. These are listed on two separate pages:
1. Common experimental paradigms such as n-back, Iowa Gambling, etc.
2. Student submissions, from students in Research Methods at CMU.
Click on experiment names to find out more information and to download the scripts. If you would like to see a list of scripts with no explanations or supporting materials, look at the Script List, or if you would like to download the entire experiment set without supporting materials, download the whole STEP experiment set (54 MB).
Categorical List
Disclaimer on Software VersionScript CreditsBack to System for Teaching Experimental Psychology
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Baddeley - Acoustic Similarityacoustic confusability in working memory
Baranski and Petrusic 1994 - The calibration and resolution of confidence in perceptual judgementsoverconfidence in motor performance
Baranski and Petrusic 1995 - Calibration of Knowledge and Perceptionconfidence in motor performance versus general knowledge
Bilodeau, Bilodeau, and Schumsky 1959 - Some effects of introducing and withdrawing knowledge of results early and late in practiceknowledge of results
Boland, Tanenhaus, and Garnsey 1990 - Evidence for the immediate use of verb control information in sentence processingverb control information
Bower 1972 - Mental imagery and associative learningpaired-associate learning and imagery
Bransford and Franks 1971 - The abstraction of linguistic ideasschema-based memory
Brewer 1977 - Memory for the pragmatic implications of sentencespragmatic implications
Broadbent 1954 - The role of auditory localization in attention and memory span
Brown 1958 - Some tests of the decay theory of immediate memoryduration of primary memory
Clark and Chase 1972 - On the process of comparing sentences against picturessentence-picture verification
Conrad 1964 - Acoustic confusions in immediate memoryacoustic confusions
Conway and Engle 1996 - Individual differences in working memory capacitygeneral capacity theory
Cooper and Shepard 1973 - Time required to prepare for a rotated stimulusmental rotation
Craik and Tulving 1975 - Depth of processing and the retention of words in episodic memorydepth of processing
Craik and Watkins 1973 - The role of rehearsal in short-term memoryretention does not guarantee storage
Eriksen and St. James 1986 - Visual attention within and around the field of focal attentiontime-course of selective visual attention
Flowers, Warner, and Polansky 1979 - Response and encoding factors in "ignoring" irrelevant informationnumber stroop
Foertsch and Gernsbacher 1997 - In search of gender neutralitygender-neutral prounoun use
Garner 1970 - Good patterns have few alternativesthe aesthetics of "figure goodness"
Glushko 1979 - The organization and activation of orthographic knowledge in reading aloudgang effects in reading
Gray and Wedderburn 1960 - Grouping strategies with simultaneous stimulidivision of attention between the ears
Green and Swets - Signal detection theory and psychophysicssignal detection theory
Grosjean 1996 - Gatinggating paradigm
Hamilton, Katz, and Leirer 1980 - Cognitive representation of personality impressionsimpression formation versus memory task instructions
Helson and Bevan 1964 - An investigation of variables of judgments of relative areaadaptation-level theory in a relative size illusion
Higgins, Rholes, and Jones 1977 - Category Accessibility and Impression Formationpriming of impression formation
Hyman 1953 - Stimulus information as a determinant of reaction timeHick-Hyman Law
Jacoby 1983 - Perceptual enhancement: Persistent effects of an experienceimplicit memory
Johnston and Schwarting 1996 - Reassessing the Evidence for Novel Popoutpop-out theories
Just, Carpenter, and Wooley 1982 - Paradigms and Processes in Reading Comprehensionmoving window paradigm in reading
Kirkpatrick 1894 - An experimental study of memoryserial position effects
Klapp 1988 - Multiple resources for processing and storage in short-term working memoryHuman Factors workload
Koriat, Lichtenstein, and Fischhoff 1980 - Reasons for Confidenceoverestimation of knowledge
Kosslyn 1976 - Can imagery be distinguished from other forms of internal representation?mental imagery
Kramer and Hahn 1995 - Splitting the beamsplitting the beam of attention
Luchins and Luchins 1950 - New experimental attempts at preventing mechanization in problem solvingmental set and operations
Lukatela and Turvey 1994a - Visual lexical analysis is initially phonological: 1. phonological processes in reading
Lukatela and Turvey 1994b - Visual lexical analysis is initially phonological: 2. phonological processes in reading
Lupiáñez, et. al. 1997 - Does IOR occur in discrimination tasks?inhibition of return (IOR)
McCollough 1965 - Color adaptation of edge-detectors in the human visual systemMcCollough effect
McDonald 1993 - The interaction of lexical and syntactic ambiguitynoun-adjective ambiguities
MacWhinney et al. 2000 - Online measures of basic language skills in children with early focal brain lesionslanguage in children with focal brain lesions
MacWhinney-Bates - Identifying the actor in pseudosentencesMacWhinney-Bates identification task
Meyer and Schvaneveldt 1971 - Facilitation in recognizing pairs of wordsspreading lexical activation
Navon 1977 - Forest before treesprocessing global and local features
Neisser 1964 - Visual searchvisual search
Paivio 1965 - Abstractness, imagery, and meaningfulness in paired-associate learningimagery in paired-associate learning
Palermo and Eberhart 1968 - On the learning of morphological rulesanalogy for learning morphological rules
Pashler 1992 - Attentional limitations in doing two tasks at the same timebottleneck effects
Perfetti, Bell, and Delaney 1988 - Automatic (prelexical) phonetic activation in silent word readingautomatic phonological processing during reading
Peterson and Peterson 1959 - Short-term retention of individual verbal itemsrecall of individual items
Poffenberger 1912 - Reaction time to retinal stimulation with special reference to the time lost in conduction through nerve centerscrossed-uncrossed difference in reaction time
Posner and Keele 1968 - On the genesis of abstract ideascreation of category prototypes
Posner and Mitchell 1967 - Chronometric analysis of classificationsubtractive analysis of levels of processing
Posner, Snyder, and Davidson 1980 - Attention and the detection of signalsspatial cueing
Ramachandran 1992 - Blind spotsthe filling-in of blind spots in vision
Roediger and McDermott 1995 - Creating false memoriesfalse memories
Rumelhart and McClelland 1982 - An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception: Part 2.perceiving letters within words
Santee and Egeth 1982 - Reaction time and accuracymeasuring reaction time and accuracy
Schiffman 1982 - visual illusions
Schneider and Shiffrin 1977 - Controlled and automatic human information processing: I.automaticity
Shapiro, Raymond, and Arnell 1994 - Attention to visual pattern information produces the attentional blink in rapid serial visual presentationattentional blink
Sperling 1960 - The information available in brief visual presentationsiconic visual memory
Sternberg 1966 - High speed scanning in human memoryscanning through working memory
Stroop 1935 - Studies of interference in serial verbal reactionsautomaticity in reading
Thomson and Tulving 1970 - Associative encoding and retrievalassociative encoding of words
Tipper 1985 - The negative priming effectnegative priming
Treisman and Gelade 1980 - A feature-integration theory of attentionsearch for features
Tulving and Pearlstone 1966 - Availability versus accessibility of information in memory for wordsavailability versus accessibility in memory for words
Warren and Warren 1970 - Auditory illusions and confusionsauditory illusions
Waugh and Norman 1965 - Primary memorydecay vs. interference
Weldon and Roediger 1987 - Altering retrieval demands reverses the picture superiority effectpicture superiority effect
Welford 1968Fitt's Law
Wickens 1972 - Characteristics of word encodingrelease from proactive inhibition
Yantis 1993 - Stimulus-driven attentional capture and attentional control settings stimulus-driven involuntary capture of attention

Saturday, December 16, 2006

COGNITIVE AND EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY

COGNITIVE AND EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
Dr. Frank Hassebrock, Project Director


Demontrations and Tutorials
Online Experiments and Research Projects
RESEARCH DEMONSTRATIONS, SIMULATIONS, AND TUTORIALS
Sensation and Perception
Perceptual Illusions
Animation Applications
Facial Perception (Links to research labs, papers, and experiments)
Vision Science (Links to demonstrations and images)
Sensation and Perception Tutorials (Several links to demonstrations and images)
Attention
Visual Cognition Resources(Research, Examples, Resources, and Cool Links)
Stroop Effect (demonstration)
Memory
Models of Memory
Memory Links (a large set of links to various memory topics, research, and applications)
Memory Exhibits (The Exploratorium)
Applied Research in Memory and Cognition
Mental Imagery
Mental Imagery "Subway Stops" (Links, Papers, and Online Experiments)
Mental Imagery and Athletic Performance
Neuropsychology
Basic Neural Functions (Images, Reviews, Quizzes)
Other Resources
List of Tutorials and Research Demonstrations (Updated list of resources for all areas of experimental psychology and statistics)
PSYCHOLOGY EXPERIMENTS AND SURVEYS ON THE WEB
These are online experiments that can be completed by students. At most of these sites, participants' responses are sent to the originating lab. The sites vary in the amount of information and feedback provided to participants.
Cognitive Psychology (multiple areas of research)
Wadsworth Online Laboratory (Cognitive Psychology)
PsychExps (University of Mississippi)
Experimental Psychology Lab (University of Zurich)
PsycLab (several cognitive psychology experiments)
Laboratory in Cognition and Perception
Perception
Face Perception Experiments (University of St. Andrews)
Visual Motion
Memory
Stanford Psychology Web Experiments
Memory Experiment
Social Cognition
Recognizing Emotions Expressed in Faces
Mental Imagery
Mental Rotation
Language and Psycholinguistics
Psycholinguistic Experiments
Interpreting Metaphors
Decision Making
Choices Among Gambles
Several studies by Birnbaum
Neuropsychology
Brain Localization
Hand Preference Questionnaire

Welcome to the Web Page of T. Birch

NEW! Stating the Homunculus Problem
NEW! Image Processing in the Visual Arts - Entering the Imagosphere. Slide show with sound commentary. Note: This is a prototype; the "speech" is more or less spontaneous. There are a few cases where the last item on the slide is not fully explained. I was limited to 60 seconds per slide. The sound starts simultaneously with each slide. Disable popup blockers if you do not hear sound. Feedback welcome for this experimental talk.
The documents on this page are introductory texts assume some knowledge of philosophy or psychology.
It is hoped that these texts will provide a useful starting point for anyone interested in the topic.
Some of the problems and fundamental distinctions involved in the contemporary imagery debate are introduced here. Although they lend support to the approach I take in The Nature of Visual Mental Images, these texts are intended to be informative and thought-provoking rather than argumentative.
For an academic, research-oriented, linear approach, read the texts below in sequence, starting with What are Mental Images? The on-line experiments demonstrate the empirical base that sparked the imagery debate, but some researchers will find that taking time to perform the on-line experiments is not necessary.
Readers with more casual interests often find the on-line experiments interesting -- and sometimes worrisome!
Information on citing these worksIf you cite any of these materials in an academic paper, I would appreciate an e-mail. This will help me judge their usefulness and help me improve the texts.
Tools for UnderstandingDiagrams and texts for understanding the approach explored at this site. Except for philosophers, who may wish to read the Overview first, these are not recommended as starting points. After you have reviewed some of the material in Starting Points or Related Commentary below, come back to this area.
Recent Changes: Mental Images and the Causal Chain revised for greater clarity. Image links for this section started.
NOTE: Conceptual Subway Map has links to all texts on this page, showing their interrelation according to their emphasis on experimental, traditional, cognitive, or philosophical psychology (the four separate "lines" of the subway).
Mental Images and the Causal Chain ------------->
Overview of Metaphysics of Mental Images
What is Memory? - A Philosophical Poem
Freud - Experimental page. In progress.
Wundt and the Foundational Period: 1860-1901
Conceptual Subway Map ------------------------------>
Starting Points
What Are Mental Images?Discusses how one might initially answer this question. Introduces notion of imagery types and need to describe our experiences.
On-line Experiments
Imagery Types:
After-images Eidetic Hallucinogenic MemoryImagination Imagination/Memory Projected ThoughtOther Experiments:Is color real? Perceptual Data Test Strong Eideticism
Types of Mental ImageryFurther discussion of imagery types introduced above. Uses a chart to introduce properties of general types of mental images.
After-imagesDescribes the common experience of after-images.
EideticExplains why eidetic images are problematic for psychology. Explains how they are to be differentiated from after-images.
HallucinogenicA brief introduction to a fascinating topic. Includes a proposed break-down of subtypes, including dreams and drug-induced imagery. Closes with a brief discussion of the place of Cartesian arguments in psychology.
MemoryExplains how memory images are to be distinguished from imagination images. Very brief, since it is assumed that everyone is familiar with memory images.
ImaginationImagination images are often thought to be essential to creativity. Einstein's use of an imagination image is probably the most famous example of this century. Imagination images differ from memory images in a specific way.
ProjectedProjected images are included in the inventory of types for philosophic reasons. Inspired by Wittgenstein's discussion of what it is like to imagine an object in physical space.
ThoughtAlong with memory images, the most controversial and least understood kind of mental imagery. Brief introduction lists some of the central historical problems.
Intentionality and Mental PhenomenaDefines intentionality and explains how this applies to mental phenomena in general.
Definition and Approach of Traditional PsychologyAttempts to define mental images as they are understood by traditional psychology.
Definition and Approach of Cognitive ScienceShows how contemporary cognitive science attempts to understand mental images. Indicates the current disagreement in cognitive science on the issue of the status of mental images.
Kosslyn's ApproachAttempts to compress the essential points of Kosslyn's on-going research in mental images.
Pylyshyn's ApproachExplains briefly why Pylyshyn argues against Kosslyn and why he regards mental images as the epiphenomenal results of other processes.
Related Commentary and Introduction to Philosophic Problems
Difficulties for the Theory of IntentionalityQuick outline of two theories of intentionality: the object theory and the content theory. States why both need a full defence and detailed exposition.
Mental Images and Content: Philosophic ApproachExplains why many philosophers think mental images have no content.
Mental Images and Content: Empirical PsychologyExplains why contemporary psychology can develop arguments for content in mental images.
Introduction to PictorialismIntroduction to Pictorialism. Kosslyn and others have argued that mental images have distinctively pictorial properties in cognitive processes. Uses interesting examples to illustrate how this idea can be developed.
Introduction to DescriptivismShows how thought has been understood to be inextricably linked to language or descriptions rather than images by such diverse thinkers as Blanshard and Dennett. Gives background arguments and attempts to summarize essential claims of descriptivism.
Introduction to the Contemporary Imagery DebateShows how the fundamental dispute between descriptive and pictorial accounts arises from fundamental problems in human memory.
Richardson: In Defense of the Imagism of Traditional PsychologyIntroduces the work of Alan Richardson and suggests why the approach of traditional psychology may have advantages over the other contemporary approaches based on cognitive science.

On-Line Experiments - Main Menu

On-Line Experiments - Main MenuUSD Internet Psychology Laboratory

Cognitive Psychology Experiment Gallery(CogLab user documentation remains sparse -- Hope to remedy this shortcoming soon!!!)Notice: These experiments have been modified to run using the Sun Java 1.4.2 plugin.The (obsolete) Microsoft Java Virtual Machine will no longer be supported.
Treisman Visual Search Paradigm01A-Feature Search Experiment01B-Conjunction Search Experiment
Sperling Partial Report Paradigm02A-Whole Report Experiment02B-Partial Report Experiment (ISI=50 msec)02C-Partial Report Experiment (ISI=500 msec)02D-Partial Report Experiment (ISI=1000 msec)
Spreading Activation Hypothesis03A-Lexical Decision Making Experiment
Mental Imagery04A-Mental Rotation Experiment
Change Blindness05A-Rensink Paradigm Experiment
Working Memory Search06A-Sternberg Memory Scan Experiment
Levels-of-Processing Memory Model07A-Craik & Tulving's Depth-of-Processing Experiment

Links from PsychNet-UK

PsychNet-UK
http://www.psychnet-uk.com/cognitive_psychology/cognitive_psychology.htm


Against cognitivism: The discursive construction of cognitive mechanisms. - Lock, Andrew. An Article. 3/5
Andy Young - York University UK Face Lab. 3/5
An Integrated Theory of Nervous System Functioning Embracing Nativism and Constructivism - Brian D. JosephsonCavendish Laboratory, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK 3/5
Benton Visual Retention Test - Purpose: Designed to assess visual perception, visual memory, and visuoconstructive abilities. 3/5
CAPD Parents' Page - Resources for Parents of Children with Central Auditory Processing Disorders. 3/5
Center for Research on Concepts and Cognition - The Center for Research on Concepts and Cognition is an interdisciplinary center for research in cognitive science, directed by Douglas Hofstadter. CRCC is affiliated with the Cognitive Science Program at IU, and has close ties with the Computer Science Department. 3/5
Cognitive Psychology Experiments 4/5
Cognitive Science Discussion List - COGSCI is a scientific discussion list about Cognitive Science." Topics including Artificial Intelligence, Philosophy, Linguistics, Psychology, Connectionism. Announcements of conferences, jobs and lectures and the like are welcome. 4/5
Cognitive and Psychological Sciences on the Web - Large directory of links covering everything from academic programs to publishers to software. 3/5
Cognitive Science Society -Pittsburgh 2/5
Cognitive Sciences Eprint Archive - UK - Welcome to CogPrints, an electronic archive for papers in any area of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Linguistics, and many areas of Computer Science . 4/5
Cognitive Tests - Definition, preparation, types of tests etc. 3/5
Connectionism - Connectionism is a movement in cognitive science which hopes to explain human intellectual abilities using artificial neural networks (also known as ‘neural networks’ or ‘neural nets’). 3/5
Connectionism - A computational approach to modeling the brain which relies on the interconnection of many simple units to produce complex behavior. 3/5
Connexions - An interactive site and discussion list for philosophers and cognitive scientists excited and puzzled by themind - Sheffield University UK 3/5
CogPrints: Theory of Mind and the Origins of Divergent - Abstract Theory of Mind and the Origins of Divergent Thinking. 3/5
David Chalmers Consciousness Page - Issues in cognitive science, consciousness, artificial intelligence, and more. 3/5
Detrimental effects of chronic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation. From obesity to memory deficits - By Raber J Gladstone Institute of Neurological Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94141-9100, USA. Mol Neurobiol 1998 Aug; 18(1): 1-22 3/5

Frames of Reference and Spatial Representation - There are multiple ways in which the human visual system can encode objects. An object can be specified relative to the observer, to the environment, to its own intrinsic structure, or to other objects in the environment. Each instance requires the adoption of specific spatial frames of reference. In general, reference frames provide a structure for specifying an object's spatial composition and position. 3/5
Image and Language in Human Reasoning - A syllogistic illustration. An Article. 3/5
Inductive and Deductive Reasoning - Basic information only 2/5 Student
Informal-Logic - Article in the Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy, by Leo Groarke. 3/5
Informal Logic Journal - David Hitchcock. How Philosophical is Informal Logic? John Woods. Critical Review. 3/5
Learning to Learn: Modules: Metacognition -The Nature of Metacognition. 2/5
Materials for Informal Logic and Critical Thinking - A syllabus list but with some good links to related information. 3/5
Memory - from the Exploratorium. - Explores the biological, psychological, and cultural aspects of memory, from personal experiences to breakthroughs in cognitive science 4/5
Mental Imagery, Visual Cognition, Object Identification, Object Recognition, Top-down Processing - University of Southampton Department of Psychology The Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory Research Recognition and Spatial Processing in Perception and Imagery To better understand how object- and spatial-properties are processed in perception and imagery 2/5
Mental Imagery Links - Mental Imagery - Theories and Experiments .3/5
Mental Rotation - In Douglas Adams's (1988) novel Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency, a sofa gets stuck on a stairway landing. Throughout the remainder of the novel, Dirk Gently ponders how to get it unstuck by imagining the sofa rotating into various positions. 3/5
Metacognition and Reading To Learn. - Metacognition and Reading To Learn. ERIC Digest. 3/5
Method of Loci - To use the method of loci bring to mind a familiar building, such as your house. Take a moment to conduct a mental walk through the rooms in your house. Pay particular attention to the details , noticing any imperfections, like scratches ... 2/5
National Coalition on Auditory Processing Disorders, Inc - The National Coalition on Auditory Processing Disorders, Inc. (NCAPD) is a 501(c)3 non profit organization. The support from parents and professionals is the motivating factor giving life to this organization. 3/5
Perception - Freely available contents, abstracts, editorials, multimedia files, and more, plus full-text articles for subscribing organisations. 3/5
Perceptual Psychology: Nativism vs. Empiricism - Studies which focus on the effects of deprivation. 3/5
Selective Attention and Arousal - Have suggested that individuals have a tendency to orient themselves toward, or process information from only one part of the ... An Article. 3/5
Selective Attention and Peripheral Fading - Input being actively modulated by selective attention, it constitutes a support. An Article. 3/5
SOAR - General Cognitive Architecture - Soar is a general cognitive architecture for developing systems that exhibit intelligent behavior. Researchers all over the world are using Soar. The Soar Home Page tries to organize the information that most users would be interested in: 4/5
Subliminal Perception - An Article. 3/5
The Effects of Fatigue on Vision - Visual fatigue comprises all those symptoms that arise after excessive stress on any of the functions of the eye. Among the most important of these are straining the clarity muscle of accommodation by looking too closely at very small objects and effects of strong local contrasts on the retina. 3/5
The In Press Repository Table of Contents - Christopher Michael and Lionel Collet, Influence of Focused Auditory Attention on Cochlear Activity in Humans, Accepted 11/26/1999 Published January 2001. 3/5
U of A Cog Sci Dictionary (Central Executive) - The central executive with the supervisory attentional system (SAS) described by Norman and Shallice (1980) and by Shallice (1982). This information forms part of N&S Theory. 3/5

FTP & Gopher Sites
Centre for Cognitive Sciences FTP (anonymous) - 3/5
Cognitive Science at the University of Hamburg FTP Site - For articles: Directory: pub/doc/cognition 3/5

Books, Journals, Other Information
Behavioural and Brain Sciences : An international, Interdisciplinary Journal. - Is an international, interdisciplinary journal of "open peer commentary," published by Cambridge University Press, with its editorial offices in Southampton UK and New York NY. BBS publishes important and controversial interdisciplinary "target articles" in psychology, neuroscience, behavioral biology, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, linguistics and philosophy. 5/5
Cognitive Science Research Papers - Sussex University UK 4/5
Papers on Cognitive Science (by David Chambers) - Master List 4/5

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Keep up-to-date on these tutorials.
Psychological Tutorialsand Demonstrations
This is a page that will contain links to hypertext tutorials in psychology as they become available. Currently there are links to tutorials in:
Index
What's New
Artificial Intelligence
Biopsychology/Physiopsychology
Clinical Psychology
Cognitive Psychology
Critical Thinking
Developmental Psychology
General Collections
Learning
Research Methods and Statistics
Sensation and Perception
Social Psychology

What's New
IllusionWorks has been refound.
Eyeworks
Artificial Intelligence
Eliza. (Author Unknown) This is the classic program, with a web interface, that attempts to use basic AI to imitate certain aspects of a therapeutic conversation.
Biopsychology/Physiopsychology
A collection of General Biopsychology Animations and Tutorials (This covers concepts as well as content.) by John H. Krantz, Hanover College
Basic Neural Functioning. by John H. Krantz, Hanover College.
Biopsychological Concepts by John C. Hay
Sleep and Dreams
Split Brain
Feature Detecting Neuron
Digital Anatomist. University of Washington
Introductory Biopsychology Tutorials. by Sandra Nagel Randall of Saginaw Valley State University and Lyle K. Grant of Athabasca University. Review the structures of our nervous system with reviews of some of the basic functions.
Neuroanatomy Tutorial
Neurophysiology. A collection of flash tutorials by Tutis Vilis at University of Western Ontario
Neuroscience Tutorial. By Diana Weedman Molavi of Washington University School of Medicine
Serendip Brain and Behavior by Faculty and Staff at Bryn Mawr. A wonderful collection of tutorials and activities related broadly to issues in brain and behavior.
Clinical Psychology
Eliza. (Author Unknown) This is the classic program, with a web interface, that attempts to use basic AI to imitate certain aspects of a therapeutic conversation.
Cognitive Psychology
Change/Inattentional Blindness Videos. A collection of quicktime videos from the from studies on these topics by Daniel J. Simons
Cognition Laboratory Experiments by John H. Krantz, Hanover College
DualTask.org. by Hal Pasher, UCSD. Demonstrations of the limits of cognitive processing in multitask environmnets.
Mathematical Models of Memory. by Dennis, S., Nobel, P., Butterworth, P., Chalmers, K., White, J., Huber, D. & Diller, D. (1996). Mathematical Models of Human Memory: Tutorials. Noetica: Open Forum, 1(6), http://psy.uq.edu.au/CogPsych/Noetica.
Signal Detection Theory Tutorial: by John H. Krantz, Hanover College
Java Version
Microsoft Office Web Components Version
Return to index.
Critical Thinking
Critical Thinking in Psychology by Nancy Digdon, Grant MacEwan Community College
Developmental Psychology
Educational Psychology Tutorials. by Margaret Anderson. SUNY Cortland. While the tutorials are aimed at a class in educational psychology the cover several developmental topics.
The Visible Embryo. This site has images for most of the stages of prenatal development.
General Collections
Educational Psychology Tutorials. by Margaret Anderson. SUNY Cortland. While the tutorials are aimed at a class in educational psychology the cover several psychological topics.
e.psych. by Gary Bradshaw at Mississippi State University. This site is an educational web site that teaches visitors about psychological concepts, through interactive animations, video, experiment and demonstrations.
Online Psychology Laboratory. Hosted by the APA and sponsored by the APA, NSF and National Science Digital Library (NSDL)
POSbase. A database of powerpoint presentations that describe both classic and recent research in psychology useful for high school and undergraduate teaching.
PsychExperiments. Ken McGraw, Mark D. Tew, and John E. Williams, University of Mississippi. A nice collection of psychological experiments, both for labs and actual studies, that your students can run in. It is possible to register your class so that you can segregate your data for your class for download in and Excel file.
PsychLabOnline. A nice collection of interactive demonstrations of many basic concepts. by John C. Hay
Return to index.
Learning
Basic Concepts in Learning by John C. Hay
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Operant Conditioning 2
Educational Psychology Tutorials. by Margaret Anderson. SUNY Cortland. While the tutorials are aimed at a class in educational psychology the cover several learning topics.
Operant Conditioning. University of Wisconsin Colleges - Psychology Department
Positive Reinforcement: A Self-Instructional Exercise. by Lyle Grant. Uses examples from research, real life, and clinical practice.
Rescorla-Wagner Model of Classical Conditioning. by John H. Krantz, Hanover College
Research Methods and Statistics
Internal Validity Tutorial but Dr. David Polson, University of Victoria
Research Randomizer. A web site is designed to assist researchers and students who want an easy way to perform random sampling or assign participants to experimental conditions.
Return to index.
Sensation and Perception
Ambiguous Figures by Michel Bellot
Akos Feher, University of Rutgers, Vision Science Demo Programs
The Brick Illusion
Biological Motion
The Hidden Bird
Animations of Processes within the Ear. An collection of animations and illustrations of many basic auditory processes. Taken from the "Audtory Tour" by John Brugge and associates.
Art of Vision. Application of some vision principles to artistic techniques and perception. by Nicolas Meier and Professor Mark Dubin at Colorado University
Biological Motion Analyzer. A wonderful interactive animation of biological motion by Nikolaus F. Troje, Ruhr-Universität
BRISSWEB (Eye Movement Visualization) Run a Java visualization of actual eye movement data. Robert Steinman, University of Maryland
Demonstratons by Stuart Anstis. A nice collection by one of the major players in the field
Eyetricks.com. A collection of visual illusions.
Illusions Gallery. A collection of visual illusions with demonstrations and tutorials. by David Landrigan, University of Massachussetts Lowell.
IllusionWorks. A classic collection of interactive illusions.
Introduction to Color by Eugene Vishnevsky, Rochester Institute of Technology. This is a collection of applets to illustrate color and color mixing. The emphasis is on how it applies to graphics but most of the material is fairly general.
Lightness Perception and Lightness Illusions. by Edward Adelson
Magni-Phi and Related Phenomena by Filip J. Pizlo at Purdue University. A wonder explanation and demonstration of the Phi phenomenon.
Motion Aftereffect by Mark Newbold. A real nice online version of this classic aftereffect.
Motion Perception by George Mather, University of Sussex. A nice collection of motion demonstrations with clear explanations.
Noh Mask Facial Expression Illusion. Michael Lyons and others; ATR Media Integration & Communications Research Laboratories.
Optical Illusions and Visual Phenomena by Michael Bach
Perceptual Demonstrations at the Exploratorium
The Bronx Cheer Bulb. A nice demonstration of a visual effect due to flicker.
Cafe Wall Illusion Requires Shockwave plug-in.
Fading Dot
Mona. Just try it.
Postcard Exhibits of Illusions and Other Surprises
Shimmer
Trapezoidal Window
The Physiology of the Senses Transformations for Perception and Action. A collection of flash tutorials by Tutis Vilis at University of Western Ontario
ProjectLite. by Kenneth Brecher and Scott Gorlin. A collection of illustrations of visual phenomena
Sensation and Perception Tutorials. by John H. Krantz, Hanover College.
Simulation of Models of Backward Masking by Gregory Francis, Purdue University
Some Visual Phenomena and Optical Illusions by Michael Bach. A very nice collection
The Soundry this is a site that has many interactive demontrations about sound. It emphasizes the physics of sound but many of the demonstrations have a strong psychological component.
ViperLib. Online Collection of Image for the study of vision.
Visionary: A Dictionary for the Study of Vision
Visual Demonstrations. Here is a collection of some visual demonstrations.
Visual Demonstrations II. A collection, with text, of a variety of visual phenomena.
Visual Perception Laboratory by Greg Francis. A collection of demonstrations and experiments.
Visual Physiology by GeorgeMather, University of Sussex. An nice introduction with an online quiz.
Return to index.
Social Psychology
The Concept of Intentional Action. An explanation of what the average english speaker means by using the word intentional. This site is grouped around some demonstration experiments (that do not collect data). by Joshua Knobe, Princeton University
NetLabs. A collection of interactive exercises to accompany Brehm/Kassin/Fein's text Social Psychology, 5/e. However, the collection is general enough to work for most people.
Online Social Facilitation Demonstration. By Gary McClelland at Colorado University
The Prisoner's Dilemma
At Serendip at Bryn Mawr
Social Psychology Tutorials by Advanced Social Psychology Students of Richard Sherman at Miami University, Ohio.
The Stanford Prison Experiment A slideshow with textual narration covering the details of this classic and troubling study. It is put together by Philip Zimbardo.

Index
What's New
Artificial Intelligence
Biopsychology/Physiopsychology
Clinical Psychology
Cognitive Psychology
Critical Thinking
Developmental Psychology
General Collections
Learning
Research Methods and Statistics
Sensation and Perception
Social Psychology

Austria Information Switchboard's Big Information Value of the Week, 9/27/97
PsychologicalScience.net Cool Site
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Links

Links from Psychological Experiments on the Internet
http://psych.fullerton.edu/mbirnbaum/web/IntroWeb.htm

Cognitive Psychology OnLine Laboratory of Purdue, URL [http://coglab.psych.purdue.edu/coglab/].
Decision Research Center, URL [ http://psych.fullerton.edu/mbirnbaum/dec.htm]
Decision Research Center Student Projects, URL [ http://psych.fullerton.edu/mbirnbaum/decisions/thanks.htm]
Experimental Server Trier, URL [ http://cogpsy.uni-trier.de:8000/TEServ-e.html]
Interactive CyberLab for Decision-Making Research, URL [ http://www.etl.go.jp/~e6930]
Internet Psychology Lab, URL [ http://kahuna.psych.uiuc.edu/ipl/]
Jonathan Baron's questionnaires, URL [ http://www.psych.upenn.edu/~baron/qs.html]
Laboratory of Social Psychology Jena, URL [ http://www.uni-jena.de/~ssw/labor.htm]
List of Online Social Psychology Studies by Scott Plous, URL [ http://www.wesleyan.edu/spn/expts.htm]
Max-Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics Tuebingen, URL [ http://exp.kyb.tuebingen.mpg.de/web-experiment/index.html]
Miami University Web-Based Psychology Laboratory by Christopher Wolfe URL [ http://tornado.wcp.muohio.edu/]
Online Psychology Lab Padua, URL [ http://www.psy.unipd.it/personal/laboratorio/surprise/htmltesi/index.html]
PsychExps, URL [ http://www.olemiss.edu/PsychExps/]
Psycholinguist Laboratory Scotland, URL [ http://surf.to/experiments]
Psychological Research on the Net page of the American Psychological Society, maintained by John Krantz, URL [ http://psych.hanover.edu/APS/exponnet.html]
Psychology/Tests-and-Experiments pages at Yahoo International has moved to URL [ http://www.yahoo.com/Social_Science/Psychology/Research/Tests_and_Experiments/]
Psychology/Tests-and-Experiments pages at Yahoo Germany has moved to URL [ http://www.yahoo.de/Geisteswissenschaften/Psychologie/Forschung/Tests_und_Versuche/]
Statistical Applications via Internet by Dietmar Janetzko URL [http://www.click-stream.de/]
Systems Analysis Lab at Helsinki University, URL [ http://www.hut.fi/Units/SAL]
Ulf-Dietrich Reips' Web Experimental Psychology Lab in Zurich (moved from Tuebingen), URL [ http://www.psych.unizh.ch/genpsy/Ulf/Lab/WebExpPsyLab.html]
Tara Maxwell's Vanderbilt University's Online Research Panel at http://elab.vanderbilt.edu/panel

Cognitive Links

These are from the Centre for Psychology Resources - http://psych.athabascau.ca/html/aupr/cognitive.shtml


Artificial Intelligence
Site has information concerning the history of artificial intelligence, the different approaches to creating artificial intelligence, its applications, interviews with experts in the field, and links to interactive sites.
Biases in Estimating Probabilities
Article discusses different biases that occur when estimating probabilities including the use of the availability rule, anchoring, expression of uncertainty, and base-rate fallacy.
Center for Research on Concepts and Cognition
Describes current research activities at this centre based at Indiana University.
CogPrints: Cognitive Sciences Eprint Archive
"Welcome to CogPrints, an electronic archive for papers in any area of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Linguistics, and many areas of Computer Science (e.g., artificial intelligence, robotics, vision, learning, speech, neural networks), Philosophy (e.g., mind, language, knowledge, science, logic), Biology (e.g., ethology, behavioral ecology, sociobiology, behaviour genetics, evolutionary theory), Medicine (e.g., Psychiatry, Neurology, human genetics, Imaging), Anthropology (e.g., primatology, cognitive ethnology, archeology, paleontology), as well as any other portions of the physical, social and mathematical sciences that are pertinent to the study of cognition."
Cognitive Neuroscience Society
Has information about the society and its activities.
Cognitive Psychology Tutor
Site provides tutorials on skill acquisition, inductive reasoning, problem solving, working memory, language, and spatial information processing.
Cognitive Science Dictionary
Award-winning dictionary of cognitive science terms that Dr. Michael Dawson maintains at the University of Alberta.
Color Matters
Site provides information about color and how it affects the brain, body, vision, design, and art.
Connectionist Models of Cognitive, Affective, Brain, and Behavioural Disorders
Discusses connectionist and neural models developed to characterize cognitive, affective, brain, and behavioural disorders. Also provides links to additional resources.
Conversations with Neil's Brain
A web book about "the neural nature of thought and learning.".
Culture, Cognition, and Evolution
Article relates the development of cognition to culture and evolution.
Eliza
Talk to Eliza and get a demonstration of artificial intelligence and nondirective psychotherapy.
Gestalt Archive
Site provides "Gestalt theory and Gestalt psychology articles in full text.".
History of Cognitive Psychology
Site provides a brief overview of the influential figures in cognitive psychology.
Imprinting in Precocial Birds
Demonstration lets you manipulate the variables in this experiment about imprinting in precocial birds.
Industriousness
This article discusses the learned industriousness theory and the roles that honesty and creativity play in the theory.
International Association for Near-Death Studies
Site provides information about near-death experiences.
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
Work in AI published here.
Keeping an Open Mind
Site discusses mental ruts, mental tools that can be used to keep an open mind, how to stimulate creative thinking, and the organizational environment needed to create new ideas.
Mind Tools -- Problem Solving and Analytical Techniques
Methods useful in problem solving.
Minds Are Simply What Brains Do
Article discusses the perception of the discontinuity between the mind and the brain, memory and change, embodiments of the mind, freedom of will, and the uncertainty and stability of the mind.
Mission: Critical
Supports a virtual lab that encourages users to engage in critical thinking. Includes discussions about the various parts of an argument, the analysis of arguments, common fallacies, and non-rational persuasion.
Motivational Factors in Routine Performance
Site enables you to manipulate the variables in this experiment to demonstrate the motivational factors in routine performance.
Music Cognition Resource Center
Music cognition resources sponsored by the Music Cognition Group of the Ohio State University.
Psych/Lab (TM)
Software is provided at this site that enables individuals to perform classic human cognitive experiments.
PsychLab On-Line
This site provides 11 different psychology experiments that let the student manipulate the variables to discover for themselves how various concepts actually work. The experiments available are mental rotation, visual search, Mueller-Lyer illusion, Poggendorf illusion, classical conditioning, operant conditioning, sleep and dreams, split brain syndrome, and feature detecting neurons.
Psychology of Intelligence Analysis
This online book provides information concerning memory, perception, tools for thinking, and cognitive biases.
Psychology, Culture, and Evolution
This site discusses consciousness; the evolution of the brain, consciousness, language, and sociality; sleep paralysis; and nocturnal hallucinations.
Subliminal Perception
Article provides some information about subliminal perception which "occurs whenever stimuli presented below the threshold or limen for awareness are found to influence thoughts, feelings, or actions.".
The Cognitive Basis of Gender Stereotypes
Site discusses a few examples of the thought patterns that contribute to gender stereotypes. The media's contribution to gender stereotypes is also discussed.
Theory Into Practice (TIP)
This site provides summaries of numerous theories found in behaviourism, cognition, and educational psychology.
Thinking About Thought
This on-line book discusses cognition, connectionism, consciousness, free will, emotions, ecological realism, quantum and relativity theory, and other topics.
Web Vision
Site provides information concerning many aspects of vision including the anatomy and physiology of the eye, retinal circuits, neuroactive substances in the retina, color vision, psychophysics, and the primary visual cortex.
ePsych
Site provides a number of unique tutorials and demonstrations that focus on various functions of the brain including sensation and perception, cognition, transmission of neural impulses, and learning.
ePsychlopedia
Site provides 10 different tutorials covering the topics of brain and behavior, sensation and perception, states of consciousness, learning, motivation and emotion, cognition, intelligence, personality, and social psychology.
Consciousness
Consciousness and Cognition
Article discusses the first person and third person approaches to consciousness and cognition, the relationship between these two approaches, the coherence test, and why we think we are conscious.
Consciousness, Folk Psychology, and Cognitive Science
This article defines consciousness, challenges the folk concept of consciousness, and looks at the roles which intrinsic qualities and self attribution play in consciousness.
Facing Up to the Problem of Consciousness
Article outlines the theory of consciousness, discusses the problems of consciousness, and provides a functional and non-reductive explanation of these problems.
Hypnosis
Site describes hypnosis; subconscious, unconscious, and self hypnosis; and the history of hypnosis.
Key Concepts in Hypnosis
Site provides the definition of hypnosis, the history of hypnosis, and addresses a number of issues and concerns related to hypnosis.
Online Papers on Consciousness
Site provides links to over 700 "online papers on consciousness and related topics.".
States of Consciousness
Site provides information about hypnosis, out-of-the-body experiences, dreams, and lucid dreams.
The Neurophysiology of Hypnosis
Article provides information about the history of hypnosis, current theories and evidence of hypnosis, and a description of the physiological events in the body during hypnosis.
The Problem of Consciousness
"This paper attempts to begin to answer four questions. 1. What is consciousness? 2. What is the relation of consciousness to the brain? 3. What are some of the features that an empirical theory of consciousness should try to explain? 4. What are some common mistakes to avoid?"
Language
Auditory Analysis and Speech Communication
Site provides a summary of research conducted by ASC concerning auditory representation, auditory analysis in the perception of spoken language, and interactions between speech perception and production.
Brains Show Signs of Two Bilingual Roads
Article discusses how people who learn a second language early in life use the same area of the brain as when speaking their native language
Language Acquisition
Article discusses the biology of language acquisition, the maturation of our language system, and the course of language acquisition.
Language and Brain: Neurocognitive Linguistics
Site provides a discussion about evidence for neurolinguistics, the plausibility of neurolinguistics, neural networks used in language, the learning process, the proximity principle, and the types of cortical neurons used in language learning.
Language and Culture
This tutorial discusses what language is, the analysis of language, the learning of language, language and thought processes, and the hidden aspects of communication.
National Aphasia Association
Site provides facts and links to readings about aphasia which is "an impairment of the ability to use or comprehend words, usually acquired as a result of a stroke or other brain injury.".
Primate Use of Language
Site discusses studies that are currently being done which show that primates are capable of learning language.
Psych: Psycholinguistic Database
Site contains a psycholinguistic data base and a word association thesaurus.
The Role of Language in Intelligence
This article taken from the Darwin College Lectures discusses the role of language in thought and looks at the behaviours of animals to discern the role that language plays.
Memory
Age-Associated Memory Impairment
Text of a Tuomo Hanninen's thesis on this topic contains an extensive literature review of the field.
Amnesia and Cognition Unit - University of Arizona
Describes research activities in progress; primary concern is with memory changes due to aging and brain injury.
Attention and Memory
Site provides notes on the development of cognitive psychology, sensory memory, signal detection theory, short term memory and long term memory.
Creating False Memories
Site discusses false childhood memories, imagination inflation, impossible memories, and how false memories are formed.
Definition of Memory and Memory Implications
Site provides a description of memory, amnesia, implicit memory, and the accuracy of memory.
Elizabeth F. Loftus
This is the web site of Elizabeth F. Loftus who is a researcher interested in false memories. The page provides links to a number of articles she has written on this topic.
Human Memory
Presents a number of memory improvement techniques and illustrates how human memory can be measured.
Mathematical Models of Human Memory - Tutorials
A group of well-organized tutorials that teach the application of several mathematical models of memory.
Memory
This site takes a look at memory and how it is related to emotions and dreams. The site also discusses levels of personal awareness and cognitive perceptual theory.
Memory: A Contribution to Experimental Psychology
This article is about Ebbinghaus' famous experiment about memory and learning.
Memory: How Do We Remember What We Know
Article discusses the components of the memory system and the relation between memory and intelligence analysis.
Sheep Brain Dissection: The Anatomy of Memory
Site uses a sheep brain to show the anatomy of the parts of the brain vital to memory.
The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two
This site provides the online version of George A. Miller's article about his discovery of "some limits on our capacity for processing information.".
Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomena: An Introductory Phenomenological Analysis
Article discusses the tip-of-the-tongue phenomena.
Verbal Working Memory and Sentence Comprehension
Article discusses "working memory, syntactic processing, [and] sentence comprehension.".